| 2025 | Winner | The Invention of Prehistory: Empire, Violence, and Our Obsession with Human Origins | Stefanos Geroulanos | Liveright |
| 2024 | Winner | Time's Echo: The Second World War, The Holocaust, and The Music of Remembrance | Jeremy Eichler | Knopf |
| 2023 | Winner | Last Call at the Hotel Imperial: The Reporters Who Took on a World at War | Deborah Cohen | Random House |
| 2022 | Winner | All That She Carried: The Journey of Ashley's Sack, a Black Family Keepsake | Tiya Miles | Random House |
| 2021 | Winner | South to Freedom: Runaway Slaves to Mexico and the Road to the Civil War | Alice Baumgartner | Basic Books |
| 2020 | Winner | Policing the Open Road: How Cars Transformed American Freedom | Sarah Seo | Harvard University Press |
| 2019 | Winner | The Known Citizen: A History of Privacy in Modern America | Sarah E. Igo | Harvard University Press |
| 2018 | Winner | Greater Gotham: A History of New York City from 1898 to 1919 | Mike Wallace | Oxford University Press |
| 2017 | Winner | From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime: The Making of Mass Incarceration in America | Elizabeth Hinton | Harvard University Press |
| 2016 | Winner | The Murder of William of Norwich: The Origins of the Blood Libel in Medieval Europe | E.M. Rose | Oxford University Press |
| 2015 | Winner | The Parthenon Enigma | Joan Breton Connelly | Knopf |
| 2014 | Winner | Anti-Judaism: The Western Tradition | David Nirenberg | W. W. Norton |
| 2013 | Winner | Short Nights of the Shadow Catcher: The Epic Life and Immortal Photographs of Edward Curtis | Timothy Egan | Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |
| 2012 | Winner | Armies of Heaven: The First Crusade and the Quest for Apocalypse | Jay Rubenstein | Basic Books |
| 2011 | Winner | Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin | Timothy Snyder | Basic Books |
| 2010 | Winner | Examining Tuskegee: The Infamous Syphilis Study and Its Legacy | Susan M. Reverby | University of North Carolina Press |
| 2009 | Winner | The Book of Calamities: Five Questions About Suffering and Its Meaning | Peter Trachtenberg | Little, Brown |
| 2008 | Winner | Muhammad's Grave: Death Rites and the Making of Islamic Society | Leor Halevi | Columbia University Press |
| 2007 | Winner | Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World | David Brion Davis | Oxford University Press |
| 2006 | Winner | American Curiosity: Cultures of Natural History in the Colonial British and Atlantic World | Susan Scott Parrish | University of North Carolina Press |
| 2005 | Winner | Absolute Destruction: Military Culture and the Practices of War in Imperial Germany | Isabel Hull | Cornell University Press |
| 2004 | Winner | The End of the Soul | Jennifer Michael Hecht | Columbia University Press |
| 2003 | Winner | The Eye of the Lynx: Galileo, His Friends, and the Beginnings of Modern Natural History | David Freedberg | University of Chicago Press |
| 2002 | Winner | Ermengard of Narbonne and the World of the Troubadours | Fredric L. Cheyette | Cornell University Press |
| 2001 | Winner | Van Gogh and Gauguin: The Search for Sacred Art | Debora Silverman | Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |
| 2000 | Winner | The Holocaust in American Life | Peter Novick | Farrar, Straus and Giroux |
| 1999 | Winner | A History of Madness in Sixteenth-Century Germany | H.C. Erik Midelfort | Stanford University Press |
| 1997 | Winner | Spinoza, Liberalism, and the Question of Jewish Identity | Steven B. Smith | Yale University Press |
| 1996 | Winner | Codex Telleriano-Remensis: Ritual, Divination, and History in a Pictorial Aztec Manuscript | Eloise Quinones Keber | University of Texas Press |
| 1995 | Winner | The Resurrection of the Body in Western Christianity, 220-1336 | Caroline Walker Bynum | Columbia University Press |
| 1994 | Winner | W. E. B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868–1919 | David Levering Lewis | Henry Holt |
| 1993 | Winner | Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States | Theda Skocpol | Harvard University Press |
| 1992 | Winner | The Radicalism of the American Revolution | Gordon S. Wood | Knopf |
| 1991 | Winner | In Search of Human Nature: The Decline and Revival of Darwinism in American Social Thought | Carl N. Degler | Oxford University Press |
| 1990 | Winner | America's Rome, Volumes I and II | William L. Vance | Yale University Press |
| 1989 | Winner | The Body and Society: Men, Women, and Sexual Renunication in Early Christianity | Peter Brown | Columbia University Press |
| 1988 | Winner | The Fall of the House of Labor: The Workplace, the State, and American Labor Activism, 1865–1925 | David Montgomery | Cambridge University Press |
| 1987 | Winner | Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900-1900 | Alfred W. Crosby | Cambridge University Press |
| 1986 | Winner | The World of Thought in Ancient China | Benjamin I. Schwartz T | Belknap Press |
| 1985 | Winner | The Crucible of Race: Black-White Relations in the American South since Emancipation | Joel Williamson | Oxford University Press |
| 1984 | Winner | Against the Apocalypse: Responses to Catastrophe in Modern Jewish Culture | David G. Roskies | Harvard University Press |
| 1983 | Winner | The War Within: From Victorian to Modernist Thought in the South, 1919-1945 | Daniel Joseph Singal | University of North Carolina Press |
| 1982 | Winner | Philosophical Explanations | Robert Nozick | Harvard University Press |
| 1981 | Winner | White Supremacy: A Comparative Study in American & South African History | George M. Fredrickson | Oxford University Press |
| 1980 | Winner | Utopian Thought in the Western World | Frank E. Manuel, Fritzie P. Manuel | Harvard University Press |
| 1979 | Winner | The Printing Press As An Agent of Change, Volumes I and II | Elizabeth L. Eisenstein | Cambridge University Press |
| 1978 | Winner | The Rise of American Philosophy: Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1860-1930 | Bruce Kuklick | Yale University Press |
| 1977 | Winner | Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 1870-1914 | Eugen Weber | Stanford University Press |
| 1976 | Winner | The Great War and Modern Memory | Paul Fussell | Oxford University Press |
| 1975 | Winner | The Venture of Islam | Marshall G. S. Hodgsonr | University of Chicago Press |
| 1974 | Winner | Venice: A Maritime Republic | Frederic C. Lane | Johns Hopkins University Press |
| 1973 | Winner | Reflections on the Causes of Human Misery and upon Certain Proposals to Eliminate Them | Barrington Moore, Jr. | Beacon Press |
| 1972 | Winner | A Theory of Justice | John Rawls | Belknap Press |
| 1971 | Winner | American Convictions: Cycles of Public Thought, 1600-1850 | Charles A. Barker | J.B. Lippincott |
| 1970 | Winner | Love and Will | Rollo May | W. W. Norton |
| 1969 | Winner | Weimar Culture: The Outsider As Insider | Peter Gay | HarperCollins |
| 1968 | Winner | White Over Black: American Attitudes Toward the Negro, 1550-1812 | Winthrop D. Jordan | University of North Carolina Press |
| 1967 | Winner | Children of Crisis: A Study of Courage and Fear | Robert Coles | Little, Brown |
| 1966 | Winner | The Career of Philosophy: From the German Enlightenment to the Age of Darwin | John Herman Randall | Columbia University Press |
| 1965 | Winner | O Strange New World: American Culture-The Formative Years | Howard Mumford Jones | Viking |
| 1964 | Winner | Race: The History of An Idea in America | Thomas F. Gossett | Southern Methodist University Press |
| 1963 | Winner | Anti-Intellectualism in American Life | Richard Hofstadter | Random House |
| 1962 | Winner | Freedom in the Ancient World | Herbert J. Muller | Harper & Brothers |
| 1961 | Winner | Mysticism and Philosophy | W. T. Stace | J.B. Lippincott |
| 1960 | Winner | Philosophy and the Modern World | Albert William Levi | Indiana University Press |