Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum: How Humans Control of Climate

William F. Ruddiman

The impact on climate from 200 years of industrial development is an everyday fact of life, but did humankind's active involvement in climate change really begin with the industrial revolution, as commonly believed? Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum has sparked lively scientific debate since it was first published--arguing that humans have actually been changing the climate for some 8,000 years--as a result of the earlier discovery of agriculture. The "Ruddiman Hypothesis" will spark intense debate. We learn that the impact of farming on greenhouse-gas levels, thousands of years before the industrial revolution, kept our planet notably warmer than if natural climate cycles had prevailed--quite possibly forestalling a new ice age. Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum is the first book to trace the full historical sweep of human interaction with Earth's climate.

ScienceScience · medium confidenceScience81 signalsLlm Classifier: Science -> ScienceKeyword Classifier: Nature & Environment -> Nature & EnvironmentTopic Classifier: Climate, Weather & Disaster -> Nature & EnvironmentClimate, Weather & DisasterScience & DiscoveryEnergy, Extraction & ResourcesEnvironment, Conservation & Pollution
Experimental book profileGenerated by GPT-5.4 nano · may contain inaccuracies

This is an unverified interpretation of the catalog description, offered as an opt-in discovery experiment—not as bibliographic fact.

  1. 01 Central figures

    None extracted with sufficient confidence.

  2. 02 Central places

    None extracted with sufficient confidence.

  3. 03 Suggested argument

    Humans have been changing Earth’s climate for about 8,000 years, beginning with agriculture, and farming altered greenhouse-gas levels enough to keep the planet warmer than natural climate cycles would have.

    Model confidence 78%

  4. 04 Reading orientation

    62 / 100 academic

    Academic

    An estimate of intended readership and scholarly apparatus—not quality or importance.

Confidence percentages are the model's own estimates. Profile confidence: 55%.